Reverse logistics

Reverse logistics refers to the process in which products move from the customer back to the seller, manufacturer, or recycling facility instead of the usual forward direction of seller to customer. It includes activities such as product returns, exchanges, repairs, refurbishment, recycling, and proper disposal. When a customer sends back an item—whether due to defects, wrong size, damage, or simply a return request—the company collects it, inspects its condition, and then decides whether it can be resold, repaired, refurbished, or recycled. This system helps businesses reduce waste, recover value from returned goods, maintain customer satisfaction through refunds or replacements, and support environmental sustainability. Reverse logistics has become a crucial part of e-commerce and retail operations because it ensures efficient handling of returns and maximizes the usable life of products and materials.